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Osman Ali dairy farm Introduction

Osman Ali dairy is in the market from last three decades with good reputation for quality and service. we have started the dairy in the year 1982 with 30 animals now we have 160 animals and it is situated in yakutpura locality Hyderabad city from last 3 decades we are in same place with same name .this is our third generation in this profession my father has started the dairy in the year 1928 by name babu miya dairy farm it is situated in noor khan bazaar chaderghat it is the oldest dairy in Andhra Pradesh still it is famous for quality and it’s a land mark.

Osman Ali dairy farm is a proprietary concern and I am the founder & proprietor Mohammed Osman Ali apart from myself my two sons take care of dairy and its day to day activities. My elder son is an MBA and pursuing his P.hd in marketing and he take care of administration and marketing having good knowledge in dairy and my younger son has completed his graduation and he takes care of production and animals and counter sale of milk . We sell 80% of milk at our own place that is dairy and remaining 20% will be sent to other farms, sweet shops, ice cream parlors, restaurants, etc apart from our own production we do trading of milk.

I am having an experience of 37 years in this profession and from last 28 years I am doing business on the name of Osman Ali dairy farm which is very famous in my area and surroundings too. There are many dairy farmers who are in this profession from many years but doesn’t know what to feed, when to feed and how to feed just bringing the animal in farm is not enough you should have at least some basic Knowledge about the work what you are doing It is seen at most places that a Dairy Farmer is not aware of the economics of his day to day business. This is because Dairy has been a traditional form of business, which is being carried on by generations together but in the same traditional(old ) pattern particularly of the feeding & watering has been quite the same for a long time.

It is commonly seen that most of the Farmers who keep animals for Milk have very little or NO idea about the expenses (per day) involved in raising the animals. It is interesting to note that the farmer is even unaware of the fact that the feeding cost of his animal comprises of more than 80% of the total cost of raising the animals especially in rural area.

Perhaps the main reason for this may be as he grows the majority of the fodder in his own land he has never bothered about its cost.

Pertaining to the feeding & drinking habits many fallacies (misconceptions) exist viz.

1.It is advisable to feed animal with wet/cooked feed ?

Scientifically the feed fed to animal should be chewed (& ruminated) so that the saliva mixes with the feed. The saliva contains phosphates & bicarbonates, which help in maintaining the pH of the Rumen, which help in proper digestion of the Feed. Good digestion ensures wellbeing & the production is dependent on the same.

If the feed fed to animal is wet or cooked then chewing does not take place .

Resulting in imbalance of the Ruminal pH which is very vital for proper digestion.

This will ultimately affect the Milk production (which will be low in this case).

2.Water requirement can be fulfilled with 2/3 times in a day ?

To produce one liter of Milk it is essential to drink minimum 5 liters of water thus animal giving about 10 liters of milk daily should drink more than 50 liters of water. This requirement is only for Milk but animal also has to maintain itself as well as reproduce thus an animal giving 10 liters of milk has to consume at least 75 liters of water daily ; which is just not possible by offering animal water only about 2/3 times during the day.

The animal should be giving clean water as many times as possible. If this is done then automatically increase in milk production is seen.

It should be noted that milk contains about 83 - 87% of water.

3. Animal should be fed continuously throughout the day ?

If the animal is fed round the clock then it will not get any time to ruminate. If there is no time to ruminate then the digestion will not be proper as the feed mixing with saliva (due to rumination) will not take place. Thus the milk production will be decreased due to impaired digestion.

4. Animal gives more milk with more concentrate feed ?

The animal’s stomach is a complex structure containing 4 parts. Unlike simple stomach it requires more fiber for complete & balanced feeding. It has been made in such a way that animal has to consume green & dry grasses for efficient digestion & conversation into Milk. (The concentrates are being fed as the grasses in India are poor in general quality as regards CP/EE/Energy value etc). Feeding animal more concentrates will lead to decrease in salivary output upon which Ruminal pH is dependent. This will lead to acidosis by which depression in milk fat will be seen. For getting more milk with better Fat% it is essential to give grasses (dry as well as green) which help proper digestion as this will result in maintenance of Ruminal pH due to continual rumination resulting in better production.

It should also be noted that giving more concentrates (more protein & energy) than required will lead into Animal spending more energy to breakdown these proteins which on the contrary should have been utilized for milk production. It is also seen that feeding more protein leads to reproductive problems.

5.The animal’s mineral requirement is met totally through the Feed & fodder?

Animal requires certain minerals for their optimum growth / Maintenance / milk production & reproduction. The minerals available in Feed & fodder take care of the Maintenance & production to a certain extent but will not be sufficient to take care of all the requirements. At the same time through every litre of milk animal also loses certain quantities of minerals, which need to be replaced at the soonest. As this is not being followed the animal’s productive capacity is greatly reduced & animals have to be replaced at an early stage.

6. Animal should fed only Grass during the DRY period ?

The animal in dry period (especially in the last 2 months of Pregnancy); is not fed properly and is fed only with grasses as it is not giving milk during that period. Actually it is a very crucial time for the animal as its body is undergoing lot of changes w.r.t the growth of foetus (calf) & meeting its requirement. Usually these animals are fed only with fodder & they become very deficient in mineral status as well as their own energy status leading to various problematic conditions commonly known as metabolic disorders & lowered milk production.

These are the few believes which the traditional farmers believe.